Cataract Surgery

Risks
Cataract surgery is safe; however, rare complications may occur, including:

• Swelling or infection
• Bleeding
• Drooping eyelid
• Dislocation of the artificial lens
• Retinal detachment
• Glaucoma
• A secondary cataract
• Loss of vision

The risk of complications may increase if other eye conditions exist. Therefore, the specialists at Visualis Eye Clinic advise a thorough eye evaluation before surgery to maximize the potential for a positive outcome.

Preparation

Food and Medications
Patients are generally instructed to fast for 12 hours before surgery. Certain medications that increase bleeding risks may need to be paused. For individuals on medication for prostate issues, it is essential to inform the doctor, as these may interfere with the procedure.

Antibiotic eye drops are typically prescribed to start one to two days before the surgery to reduce infection risk.

Other Preparations
Cataract surgery patients can expect to go home the same day. Arrange for transportation, as driving is not allowed immediately after surgery. Some daily activities like lifting or bending might be restricted for up to a week, so extra help around the house may be necessary.

What to Expect

Before the Procedure
Prior to surgery, the specialists at Visualis Eye Clinic conduct a painless ultrasound to measure the eye’s size and shape, ensuring the appropriate selection of an intraocular lens (IOL).

Types of IOLs
Several IOLs are available, each with unique benefits. Some options include:

• Fixed-focus monofocal IOLs: Best for distance vision; reading glasses are usually necessary.
• Accommodating-focus monofocal IOLs: Adaptable to muscle movement, aiding both near and far vision.
• Multifocal IOLs: Designed for various distances, similar to progressive glasses.
• Toric IOLs: Corrects significant astigmatism.

The best IOL depends on individual needs, preferences, and cost, as some options may not be fully covered by insurance.

During the Procedure
Cataract surgery at Visualis Eye Clinic is an outpatient procedure that takes under an hour. Eye drops are applied to dilate the pupil, and a local anesthetic is given to numb the area. A sedative may also be provided for relaxation.

Most cataracts are removed with an ultrasound probe in a technique called phacoemulsification. This method involves a small incision in the cornea, where ultrasound waves break up the cataract, allowing it to be suctioned out. In cases with unique complications, a larger incision and extracapsular cataract extraction may be performed. Once the cataract is removed, an IOL is implanted.

After the Procedure
Vision typically improves within a few days after surgery. It may be initially blurry as the eye heals and adjusts. Colors appear brighter after surgery since the clouded lens is replaced by a clear artificial lens.

Follow-up appointments at Visualis Eye Clinic are scheduled to monitor the healing process. Mild discomfort, itching, or sensitivity to light is common for a few days, and patients should avoid rubbing the eye. Protective eyewear and eye drops may be recommended to prevent infection and control swelling.

Contact Visualis Eye Clinic if you experience:

• Vision loss
• Persistent pain
• Increased redness or swelling
• Light flashes or multiple new floaters

Most patients need eyeglasses for certain activities post-surgery. After healing, usually within 1–3 months, a final prescription for glasses can be obtained.

Results
Cataract surgery restores clear vision in most patients. In some cases, a secondary cataract may develop, where the back of the lens capsule becomes cloudy. This condition, known as posterior capsule opacification (PCO), is treatable with a brief laser procedure, YAG laser capsulotomy. This five-minute, painless treatment clears the cloudy capsule, restoring vision clarity.

Clinical Trials
Visualis Eye Clinic is committed to advancing eye care in Pakistan. Explore ongoing studies that address prevention, detection, and treatment options for various eye conditions.